Study of fundamental physical laws in nature, primarily in the field of mechanics and electromagnetism, as well as gaining of basic knowledge in the range of modern physics. Students become acquainted with the physical processes on which working of technical devices is based on.

Understanding the basic physical processes in nature. Gained knowledge provides understanding of physical processes on which working of technical devices is based on.

Theory: Fundamental forces and conservation laws in nature. Newton's law of universal gravitation. Basics of electrostatics. Electric field and potential. Conductors and dielectrics in an electric field. Electricity. Direct current. A modern theory of conductivity. Semiconductors. Electromagnetism. The magnetic field of the electric current. The magnetic field in materials; diamagnetism, paramagnetism, ferromagnetism. The energy of the magnetic field. Electromagnetic induction. Alternating current. Oscillatory motion properties. Wave motion and acoustics. Intensity and intensity level of the sound. The absorption of sound. Doppler effect. Ultrasound. Electromagnetic waves and its spectrum. Basic laws of geometric optics. Optical instruments. Dispersion of light. Wave optics: interference, diffraction, and polarization of light. Light dualism. Laws of black body radiation and Planck’s hypothesis. Photoelectric effect. Basic principles of laser operation. The physical basis of nuclear techniques. Radioactive decays and ionizing radiation. Energy and mass equivalence (basics of special theory of relativity). Nuclear reactors and particle accelerators. Practical classes: Lecture program is followed by experimental (laboratory) exercises designed to enable students to independently determine the values of some fundamental constants of nature or to verify some physical laws through experimental work. These classes include the following: Experimental determination of gravitational acceleration of the Earth. Testing of Ohm's law in DC and AC circuits. Resonance in RLC circuit. Determination of sound velocity in the air via Doppler effect. Resonance. Spectral analysis, dispersion, and diffraction of light. Determination of the focal length of the lenses. Photocell. Determination of energy and absorption coefficient of gamma rays. Through calculation exercises (as a part of laboratory exercises) students apply and deepen the material presented in lectures.

Lectures. Laboratory and calculation practice. Consultations. The theoretical part of the material, accompanied by appropriate examples of the application of physical principles in technique and technology is presented in lectures. Laboratory exercises involve experimental work in areas that are foreseen by the plan and program of the course. Calculation exercises consist of characteristic examples that illustrate the theory application to problem solving, which altogether deepen the understanding of basic physical laws in nature. In addition to lectures and exercises, consultations are also held regularly.